Slime flux or more commonly known as Wet wood is a seepage of the wood that is unseen by the human eye. The main “pest” you will need to be concerned with are borers. Additionally, the “hungry insects” are most likely harmless. Removing bark from the affected area will reduce damage to an individual tree. For urban trees, maintaining vigorous, healthy growing conditions (thorough watering, mulching around the base and adding compost to the drip line) and avoiding wounds will reduce the probability that trees will be affected by this disease. In the forest, practices that minimize wounding will reduce the spread of this disease. With prompt and continuous treatment, the tree should survive. The excess sap should be wiped from the tree to discourage hungry insects. The wound should be disinfected with rubbing alcohol or a household bleach solution of one part bleach to nine parts water. There is no cure, but the bark of a tree is like skin. Species of Prototheca have been isolated from slime fluxes.
and Luteimonas aestuarri have also been isolated from wetwood in various tree species. Xanthomonas spp., Argobacterium spp., Acinetobacter spp., Corynebacterium spp., Bacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., Edwardsiella spp., Klebsiella spp., Lactobacillus spp., Methanobacterium spp., Brevundimonas bullata, Paracoccus spp. Enterobacter spp., Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp. The bacteria are commonly found in water and soils. Causal agents Ĭausal bacteria for the initial wetwood varies depending on the species of tree. This sap flux may be further infected by other pathogens once exposed to the air such as air-borne bacteria, yeast, and other fungi, at which point it is known as slime flux. Eventually, the pressure will cause the sap and gasses to burst through the xylem and out of cracks in the trunk and ooze down the side of the tree. This accumulation of liquid and gas causes that part of the tree to have a damp, dark brown appearance known as wetwood. Once inside the xylem, the internal pressure of the tree is raised, from the normal range of 5 to 10 psi (0.3 to 0.7 bar) up to 60 psi (4 bar), due to bacteria fermenting and emitting a gas mixture of methane, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and oxygen. Slime flux occurs when a wound is made in a tree trunk through things such as natural growth cracks, frost, insects, birds, lawn mowers, cat scratches, or pruning wounds, which causal bacteria can enter. Additionally, the fermented sap attracts insects like flies, ants, and maggots. This slimy ooze becomes toxic to the bark and eats into the tree. Bacteria may infect this sap causing it to darken and stain the bark, eventually taking on a foamy appearance and unpleasant odor. A wound to the bark, caused by pruning, insects, poor branch angles or natural cracks and splits, causes sap to ooze from the wound. Slime flux, also known as bacterial slime or bacterial wetwood, is a bacterial disease of certain trees, primarily elm, cottonwood, poplar, boxelder, ash, aspen, fruitless mulberry and oak. Trees ( elm, cottonwood, poplar, boxelder, ash, aspen, fruitless mulberry and oak)
marcusii and Luteimonas aestuarii, and Pectobacterium carotovorum) Note the ooze (dark ring in the center) and the discoloration of the bark.īacteria (Brevundimonas bullata, Paracoccus alcaliphilus, P. Slime flux on a Camperdown Elm caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum.
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